Ibyerekeranye na turbine

Icyuma nigice cyingenzi cya turbine hamwe nimwe mubice byoroshye kandi byingenzi.Ifite ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, umuvuduko mwinshi, imbaraga nini za centrifugal, imbaraga zamazi, imbaraga zishimishije, kwangirika no kunyeganyega hamwe nisuri yigitonyanga cyamazi ahantu h'amazi atose mubihe bibi cyane.Imikorere ya aerodynamic, gutunganya geometrie, hejuru yubuso, gukuraho ibicuruzwa, imiterere yimikorere, gupima nibindi bintu byose bigira ingaruka kumikorere no gusohora turbine;Igishushanyo mbonera cyacyo, ubukana bwinyeganyeza nuburyo bukora bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumutekano no kwizerwa byikigo.Niyo mpamvu, amatsinda azwi cyane ku isi akora inganda zashyize ingufu mu gushyira mu bikorwa ubumenyi bugezweho bwa siyansi n’ikoranabuhanga mu iterambere ry’ibyuma bishya, kandi ahora ashyiraho ibyuma bishya bifite imikorere myiza kuva mu gisekuru kugera mu kindi kugira ngo birengere umwanya wabo mu rwego rwa turbine. inganda.

Kuva mu 1986 kugeza 1997, inganda z’ingufu z’Ubushinwa zateye imbere ubudahwema kandi ku muvuduko mwinshi, kandi ingufu za turbine zirimo kubona ibipimo byinshi n’ubushobozi bunini.Nk’uko imibare ibigaragaza, mu mpera z’umwaka wa 1997, ingufu zashyizwemo ingufu za turbine zirimo ingufu z’amashanyarazi n’ingufu za kirimbuzi zari zigeze kuri GW 192, harimo amashanyarazi 128 y’amashanyarazi ya MW 250-300, 29 MW 320.0-362.5 MW hamwe na 17 500-660mw ;Ibice bya MW 200 na munsi nabyo byateye imbere cyane, harimo ibice 188 bya MW 200-210, ibice 123 bya 110-125 MW na 141 bya MW 100.Ubushobozi ntarengwa bwa turbine ingufu za kirimbuzi ni 900MW.

Hamwe nubushobozi bunini bwa sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa, umutekano n’ubwizerwe bwibyuma no kubungabunga imikorere yabyo biragenda biba ngombwa.Kuri MW 300 na MW 600, ingufu zahinduwe na buri cyuma cyicyiciro zingana na MW 10 cyangwa 20 MW.Nubwo icyuma cyangiritse gato, igabanuka ryubukungu bwumuriro hamwe n’umutekano w’umutekano wa turbine hamwe n’amashanyarazi yose ntashobora kwirengagizwa.Kurugero, kubera gupima, ubuso bwicyiciro cya mbere nozzle yumuvuduko mwinshi bizagabanukaho 10%, nibisohoka mubice bizagabanukaho 3%.Bitewe n’ibyangijwe n’ibibazo bikomeye by’amahanga bikubita ku cyuma ndetse n’ibyangijwe n’ibice bikomeye byangiza icyuma, imikorere yicyiciro irashobora kugabanukaho 1% ~ 3% bitewe nuburemere bwayo;Niba icyuma kimenetse, ingaruka ni: kunyeganyega byoroheje byikibice, guterana imbaraga no guhagarara kwinzira zitemba, no gutakaza imikorere;Mu bihe bikomeye, guhagarika ku gahato birashobora guterwa.Rimwe na rimwe, bisaba ibyumweru byinshi kugeza kumezi menshi kugirango usimbuze ibyuma cyangwa gusana rotor na stator byangiritse;Rimwe na rimwe, ibyangiritse ntibiboneka cyangwa ngo bikorwe mugihe, bigatuma impanuka igera mu gice cyose cyangwa kunyeganyega kutaringaniye kw’ibice bitewe no kuvunika kw'icyuma cyanyuma, bishobora gutera kurimbuka kwose gice, kandi igihombo cyubukungu kizaba muri miliyoni amagana.Ingero nkizo ntizisanzwe murugo no hanze.

Ubunararibonye bwakusanyirijwe mu myaka yashize bwerekanye ko igihe cyose umubare munini w’amashyanyarazi mashya ashyizwe mu bikorwa cyangwa iyo amashanyarazi n’ibisabwa bitaringanijwe kandi amashyanyarazi akora amara igihe kinini atandukana n’ibishushanyo mbonera, gutsindwa n’icyuma ibyangiritse biterwa nigishushanyo kidakwiye, gukora, kwishyiriraho, kubungabunga no gukora bizashyirwa ahagaragara.Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, ubushobozi bwashyizweho bwa turbine nini nini mu mashanyarazi mu Bushinwa bwiyongereye vuba mu myaka irenga 10, kandi ibintu bishya by’imikorere miremire miremire miremire y’ibice binini mu turere tumwe na tumwe byatangiye kugaragara.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe gukora iperereza, gusesengura no kuvuga muri make ibyangiritse byose byangiritse, cyane cyane icyiciro cyanyuma no kugenzura ibyuma, hanyuma ukamenya amategeko, kugirango hashyizweho ingamba zo gukumira no kunoza kugirango twirinde igihombo kinini.